Abstract for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease- myassignmenthelp

Question: Expound on theAbstract for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Answer: Emphysema can be characterized as a constant obstructive pneumonic issue that outcomes in the demolition of the versatility of the lungs bringing about changeless air spaces growth and influencing the alveolar dividers to a great extent. At the point when the alveoli gets harmed, the old air in the alveoli get no space for new oxygen. Typically aggravations from tobacco smoke, maryjane smoke or contaminations may bring about event of the manifestations of the confusion (Steiger et al. 2017). This causes brevity of breath. The counter protease chemical shields the lungs from the activity of protease in ordinary condition. The aggravation causes irritation of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes and alveolar macrophages bringing about discharge of proteases. The aggravations decrease the action of the counter protease compound and thusly the protease finds the opportunity to influence the lungs causing emphysema. Various sorts of meds can be utilized like the short acting bronchodialators, long acting bronchodialators, long acting beta agonists, long-acting muscarinic agonist, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, Anti-incendiary treatment, anti-toxins, mucolytic operators, Proton siphon inhibitors and numerous others. One of the most significant class of medication is the beta 2 agonist which chiefly helps in widening of the lungs by expanding of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway (Wysham et al. 2017). The patient can oversee them by inward breath mode. They can work inside a brief timeframe of 15 minutes, and the impacts will stay three to four hours. Various sorts of symptoms may incorporate tremors, tachycardia, hypo-or hypertension just as hypokalemia. The medical caretakers can build up a point by point information about the pathophysiology of the turmoil with the goal that they can comprehend the ways by which the aggravations are influencing their patients. So as to enable the patients to carry on with better quality carries on with, the attendants can likewi se grow great information about the pharmacology of the confusion and along these lines give powerful drug to them. References: Steiger, D., Filopei, J., Siddiqi, M., Yip, R., Yankelevitz, D. also, Henschke, C., 2017. Proof Of Emphysema In A Cohort Of Participants Without Symptoms Undergoing Low Dose Chest CT Screening For Lung Cancer. InC30. Lung Cancer Screening: Who, Why, Where, And How Much(Pp. A5177-A5177). American Thoracic Society. Wysham, N., Ekstrom, M., Mathews, A., Xie, J., Qin, X. what's more, MacIntyre, N., 2017. Components Of Hypercapnea In Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Secondary Analysis Of The National Emphysema Treatment Trial. InC80-B. Multi-Modality Assessment Of Copd, Asthma, And Asthma-Copd Overlap SYNDROME(pp. A6485-A6485). American Thoracic Society.

Personal Vision of Ministry free essay sample

Individual Vision of Ministry Statement â€Å"Creative, loving, and inspired ministry that loosens the weights of religion, andâ leadsâ people to aâ lifetime,â obedient relationship with our Lord Jesus Christ. † Each word in thatâ visionâ statement is extremely critical to me and portrays my otherworldly being to this point. Creativityâ is essential to me, not on the grounds that publicizing or me being somewhat inventive, but since from the earliest starting point, our God was an imaginative God; I don’t accept there is any roomâ forâ becoming stale in Christianity. Loveâ is the focal subject of the Bible, and it is the most significant of the Great Commandment’s. It is just through day by day accommodation thatâ inspirationâ will come, and it is just through motivation and declaration that I discover the solidarity to complete God’s work. There areâ two â€Å"R† wordsâ that are unmistakable when sharing ministry: Religion and Relationship. They are not the equivalent. We will compose a custom paper test on Individual Vision of Ministry or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Religion: being the faith in and love of an individual God or Gods Details of conviction as educated or talked about. Relationship: the manner by which at least two ideas, items, or individuals are associated, or the condition associated. Model being Jesus Christ associated as our own Lord and Savior. So this would be my own service of how I am to share Christ Jesus Love. To have the option to educate, and lead others to Christ through sacred writing. As a congregation youth serve, I ought to be one that is associated with today’s youth. An adolescent clergyman should lead kids, in their otherworldly development as well as their self-awareness also. An adolescent pastor needs to have extraordinary initiative characteristics and have a lot of understanding and declaration so as to impart to the kids. I should have the option to prepare and energize others inside the congregation. I will be discipline, self-inspired, composed, and profoundly develop. This is the reason I trust AME will assist me with facilitating Gods service, and increase more information on what god's identity is. Sacred writing says Lots regarding information all through the book of scriptures. One of my preferred refrains clarifying Gods sovereign information is in Proverbs. Adages 3:1-35: My child, remember my educating, however let your heart keep my charges, for length of days and long stretches of life and harmony they will add to you. Allow not immovable to love and dependability for purpose you; tie them around your neck; keep in touch with them on the tablet of your heart. So you will discover favor and great accomplishment in seeing God and man. Trust in the Lordâ with everything that is in you, and don't incline toward your own comprehension. | May God use me to achieve His motivations.

Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication

Is Facebook boosting or obstructing correspondence? Facebook is the most acclaimed usually utilized online life. It has become the favored technique for staying in contact with individuals. Pretty much every youngster has in any event one Facebook account. Anyway helpful it may be in public activity and instruction, Facebook achieved a lot of new hindrances and dangers in these regions. There is an incongruity as in web-based social networking, as Facebook, can make us less social.Doubtless it might be animating to feel so associated with others, and et it is extremely unlikely to deny that underneath this inclination, there is a feeling of void. Robin Sharma concurs with that reality in his book The Greatness Guide by saying that the more we are electronically associated, the more we are genuinely separated. At the end of the day, while individuals spend numerous hours of their days on Facebook visiting, posting status and wishing upbeat birthday celebrations and commitment to each other, they disregard the significance of discussion in the conventional way.They totally disregard the viability of sitting to supper with the family or spending time with companions. In a word, Facebook is step by step denying individuals of what recognizes them as people. In addition to the fact that Facebook makes us less social, yet additionally at times passes on a totally extraordinary reality about its clients. Anybody can take cover behind Facebook posts, giving any picture they need about themselves and making a dream about their character. They can be whoever they need, contingent upon the way that their crowds have no hoice however to be confounded, having no verbal communication.So, our solitary genuine technique for correspondence is through voice-to-voice or vis-à-vis correspondence. It is just through along these lines that when one hears a manner of speaking or investigates somebody's eyes, they can know when â€Å"l am okay† doesn't mean they are alright by any means. In this way, with no methods for correspondence yet states, shortened forms, scraps and emojis on Facebook, one can never be certain whether these things are exact portrayals of the truth.As for training, understudies, almost certainly, owe Facebook a great deal for encouraging their instruction procedure, yet at the same time it is a fundamental supporter of the disappointment of a considerable lot of them. In spite of the fact that Facebook assumes a job in breaking the ice between associates in schools or colleges, it burns through quite a bit of their time in visiting about inconsequential issues. It is genuine Facebook assists understudies with keeping refreshed with the most recent news about their investigations, regardless of whether they are missing from schools or universities.But understudy rumourmongers ruin verything by spreading so much bogus news that any news by any understudy is dependent upon doubt, which transforms the favorable position into a drawbac k. Along these lines Facebook is to a greater degree an exercise in futility for understudies. Facebook. Presently contrast this time with the time you consume progressively on earth with your family, companions and your associates at school, college or work. Attempt to settle on the choice of utilizing Facebook and attempt to maintain a strategic distance from however many of its weaknesses as could reasonably be expected. Out of my own understanding, the time and relations you will resuscitate merit checking out.

The Road Not Taken Analysis Essays - 5699 Words

The Road Not Taken Analysis Author: Poetry of Robert Frost | | Mountain Interval1916Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth;Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same,And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a†¦show more content†¦Third, its almost as if a coin could be flipped to make the decision, because, as (3) shows, the choices are nearly identical. The person could have flipped a coin or do some other arbitrary technique, but he decides to personally make the choice. Fourth, I get a sense of regret about not being able to take the other road and also not being able sometime in the future to go back and take the other road. This is logical I think because of the similarity between the roads. This may be what with a sigh is referring to, since it is just one line below the doubted line. I like this meaning because it kind of fits. In the future, hes still lamenting that he hadnt been able to take the other road, which would have led to much a different result. Fifth, when does this contemplation take place? Ages and ages hence. That is, when one is much older and new choices are not available. Putting this all together, there are many things a person could become: for example, go one way and you might become a teacher; go another way and you might become a writer. Both are good things to become and you can understandably wonder how things might have turned out, if you had made that other choice. When you make the choice, at that time, you may not see a major difference between the two options. But the choice that you made is decisive. It determines your future. â€Å"The Road Not Taken† Complete Text Two roads diverged in a yellow wood And sorry I couldShow MoreRelatedThe Road Not Taken Analysis987 Words   |  4 PagesThe Road Not Taken Analysis The Road Not Taken is a poem written by Robert Frost. This poem is a great candidate to be one of the world s best and this analysis will unveil why it is so. The poetic devices used in the poem bring forth its deeper meaning which ultimately resonates with the reader s emotions. However not only this poem is great because of the literary experience it gives but it is also beautiful on a simple structural level. First lets look at the structural aspectRead MoreThe Road Not Taken Analysis1280 Words   |  6 PagesThe Road Not Taken As I read and analyzed this poem I became aware that it is indeed a great poem and that the reader must dig deep in order to find the true message of the poem. Careful readers shall not be tricked. The Basic Subject of the Poem The poem starts off with the title â€Å"The Road Not Taken.† At first sight this title could be used as foreshadow that the following poem will be about making a mistake, not making the right choice (not taking the right road) therefore establishing aRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Road Not Taken 808 Words   |  4 PagesApril 25, 2016 Poetry Analysis â€Å"I shall be telling this with a sigh/Somewhere ages and ages hence:/Two roads diverged in a wood, and I--/I took the one less traveled by†¦Ã¢â‚¬  these are famous lines from a classic poem written by Robert Frost. The poem, â€Å"The Road Not Taken† was one of many poems written by Frost. This well-known poem is about the struggle of a traveler decision between two routes he could take. It has both literal and metaphorical meaning; the roads can also symbolize twoRead MoreAnalysis of Frosts The Road Not Taken717 Words   |  3 PagesThe Road Not Taken The Road Not Taken (1916) is one of Robert Frosts most famous poems in which he presents the personal conflicts that he may have had to overcome throughout his lifetime to get to where he is. Frost is able to gain insight and inspiration from the natural surroundings that have helped to guide him and shape who he is. In the poem, the narrator is traveling down a road when he comes upon two roads diverged in a yellow wood (Frost, 1916, 1). It can be argued the road heRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Road Not Taken 849 Words   |  4 Pageswill have to be made, and the outcome can sometimes be life-changing. When making a conscientious decision, one commits oneself to follow the right path. This fate presents itself in Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken† poem, and is present in the poetic piece of Blanche Farley’s â€Å"The Lover Not Taken.† A large percentage of the stanzas in each poem harmonize each other, and they both use similar words. For example, in the first stanza of each poem and be one traveler, long I stood (Frost), and andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Road Not Taken 1191 Words   |  5 Pages The poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† is about how the author himself has come to a split in a path while walking in the woods without a map. Th e season is fall, and the leaves are turning red and yellow. He isn’t sure which way he should go, and he wishes he didn’t have to choose and could go both ways. He looks down one path as far as he can see, but he then decides to take the other. The path he decides to take is not quite as worn as the other one, the leaves are freshly fallen with no foot prints orRead MoreAnalysis Of The Road Not Taken By Robert Frost1409 Words   |  6 PagesThe analysis of â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost has been up for debate since the poem release in 1916. It is known to be one of the most frequently misinterpreted poems of all time, and even Robert Frost himself has said the poem is â€Å"tricky† to comprehend (The). When analyzing this poem many readers tend to focus only on the last lines of the poem and get caught in a trap of selective-interpretation. Quite a few people after reading Robert Frost’s poem firmly conclude that this poem is aboutRead MoreAn Analysis of Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken1800 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The Road Not Taken Robert Frost Introduction Robert Frost is one of the best known poets in American history, and his poem, The Road Not Taken is among the most well-known of all his poems. Frost places a great deal of emphasis on nature in his writing, as he was a lover of the countryside. He based many of his poems on the New England scenery, which was his home for most of his life. I chose this particular poem because I have enjoyed the readings we have done so far of his work and The RoadRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost Analysis1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost, is a poem that has many meanings depending on the reader. The poem was published in 1916 and it is a very interesting poem. It’s a fairly short poem consisting of only 20 lines, and it is full of metaphors and imagery and it has many ways that it can be interpreted. The poem’s use of imagery leaves the reader trying to figure out what Frost meant when he wrote the poem. Since it is a poem, i t generally has no correct way to interpret it, but it usuallyRead MoreThe Road Not Taken by Robert Frost: An Analysis811 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿The Road Not Taken Robert Frost Introduction On the surface of it, The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost presents a narrator who is remembering a journey through the woods, and the person making this journey came into a position where two roads were diverging. So the challenge presented in the poem is, which road should the narrator take, and why? Frost claimed that his poem was a parody of a poem by his friend, poet Edward Thomas, but others have had very different explanations for The Road Not

Video Games Effect On Today s Adolescents - 839 Words

Are video games having a negative effect on today’s adolescents? For most teens, video games can be a fun way to escape reality. How do video games impact us? Are video games having a positive or a negative effect on today’s adolescents? Spending too much time playing video games leads to escalating rates of teen violence, obesity and declining grades. Violence, which also includes bullying, among teens has been on the rise for years, Watch the local evening news and you will most likely hear about a teen shooting or stabbing. Obesity among teens is also rising at an alarming rate. Instead of going outside, many teens choose to spend their day indoors with their game consoler. Some students play video games instead of doing their homework or studying. This results in a drop in grades and possibly dropping out of school. The fact is, video games have a negative impact on teens. They can affect behaviour, school grades and lifestyle. In the 21st century, technology has become a major aspect of everyone s lives. The youth of today are focused on buying the latest technology which also includes buying the latest game consoles and video games. As technology gets better so do video games, with more realistic graphics and sound effects. Teens who play video games which contain violent content tend to have aggressive behaviours. They become desensitized to violence and aggression because they are exposed to violence content in games. A report from the APA task forceShow MoreRelatedDefending The Morality Of Violent Video Games1486 Words   |  6 PagesViolent video games are a very controversial subject in our world today. Video games have been around for years now dating all the way back to the early 1970s. The first gaming console the Atari was invented by a man that went by the name of Nolan Bushnell who also created computer space (Tyson, 2000). The very first violent video game that was acknowledged in the gaming world was Death Race, also considered to be a â€Å"Murder Simulator† created in 1976 (Mackey, 2015). In this research paper I willRead MoreThe Effects Of Playing Video Games On Adolescents1554 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 2016 Adolescents Playing Video Games An Issue Analysis Essay Introduction: Are there people who have never played video games at least once in their adolescence? You might recall some happy memories of playing video games with your best friends or that your parents punished you because you spent a lot of time playing video games. Most school teachers and parents are apt to think that playing video games in adolescence might only have negative impacts on adolescents. Playing video games is consideredRead MoreBanning Violent Video Games On Children1545 Words   |  7 Pages Banning Violent Video Games A child is killing police officers. A teenager is hiring prostitutes to potentially kill them. He is using weapons such as guns, chainsaws, and knives to kill and commit horrible crimes. Thousands of children and teens participate in these actions daily. How? Violent Video games such as Doom, Call of Duty, and Grand Theft Auto are just a few of the games that are full of these awful actions. The Harvard Mental Health Letter states, â€Å"The Pew Research Center reportedRead MoreMass Media Is An Integral Part Of Everyday Life989 Words   |  4 Pagesdoes in fact negatively impact child and adolescent development because of the content displayed on movies, television, and music. Children and adolescents learn to accept and have distorted views of violence, racism, sexual stereotyping, sexual behavior and suicide represented on TV. According to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (2015), children ages 8-18 spend an average of 7.5 hours a day with media and technology screens. Today, television shows and movies can be viewedRead MorePositive Outcomes Of Video Games1576 Words   |  7 PagesOutcomes of Video Games Video games are the fastest growing form of entertainment in the world and many adolescents play video games for hours every day. According to a survey conducted by Gallagher, 58% of Americans play video games and 43% of game players believe that computer and video games give them the most value for their money, compared with DVDs, music or going out to the movies (2-3). However, in the past few decades there has been debate over the positive and negative effects of video gamesRead MoreReview Of Lord Of The Flies 1346 Words   |  6 PagesThis may be recognizable with the boys’ perception on fun and games. Leisure for the children on the island goes from playing Tic Tac Toe in the sand to hunting for pigs and eventually one another. In parallel to the story, this hazardous recreation takes place in our own reality. For children of the 21st century, it manifests as video games. Lord of the Flies amplifies influence, and its effect on adolescent behavior mirroring today s soci etal interest in the violent virtual world. A supportingRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children1034 Words   |  5 PagesThe world of today has developed in a way that even children are affected by technology. They enjoy video games in their leisure time and even prefer them to studying that, in its turn, can contribute to their poor performance in the class. These days, video games have become an issue that has brought concern to many people from parents to scholars about their potential effect on the future of children through influencing their conduct. They feel that the violent behavior or any other negative consequenceRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effects On Children866 Words   |  4 Pagessevens [year olds] and under† (Skinner). As a result of unsupervised usage of social networking websites and chat rooms, children frequently become victims of cyber bulling or prey to sex offenders. Bullyingstatistics.org reports that â€Å"over half of adolescents and teens have been bullied online† (Cyber Bul lying Statistics). Cyber bullying can have devastating consequences on children. 15 year old Amanda Todd killed herself after she was bullied online by her schoolmates (Wikipedia, Suicide of AmandaRead MoreMass Media And Its Effect On Children1668 Words   |  7 Pages One of the biggest change in social environments today is the advance and increase usage of mass media. The mass media parent the children of today. Consequently, radio, video games, television, movies, videos, phones, and social networks play a significant role in their upbringing. For, they assist in influencing a child’s values, beliefs, and behaviors. Children rather unconsciously heed and imitate the images exhibited, for example, in television, they learn the appropriate way to comport andRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Social Life1559 Words   |  7 Pagesamount of time a average student spends playing video games or socializing during the day. The data in this study about the effect of gaming o n social life was obtained by examining the time usage of a 18 year old college student. A chart is provided in an attempt to study this question.The data was collected over five days, divided into three categories which are gaming, social life and work/school. Research showed that people that play video games mostly play at night instead of going out and interacting

Impacts of slavery in the caribbean free essay sample

How did the African slavery impact the Caribbean region Introduction When the Europeans switched from tobacco to sugar cultivation, the plantation needed more lands and more labour. The labour present came from the Tainos, whose population decreased from abuse, and could not meet the labour demands. The Europeans brought free labourers from Europe, but they could not be forced to work under the conditions demanded by the encomenderos. The church suggested the use of enslaving Africans to replace the fast dying Taino population. The Africans faced tremendous abuse. They were captured in tribal wars or raids on villages. The conditions of the middle passage were deplorable. On arrival in the West Indies the African were in inhumane state both physically and mentally. The healthier looking slaves were cleaned and sold, the rejects were left to survive on their own. On the plantation they were allowed one day off, they had little to eat and they did not have many clothes to wear. They were beaten with whips for punishment, which caused the slaves to revolt against the whites. The Caribbean had both negative and positive impact as a result of African slavery. Negatively it causes discrimination between races, the revolt cause damage to buildings and many lives were lost. Some Europeans did not agree with African slavery, and there were anti-slavery groups Quakers and the Clapham Sect and humanitarians were also involved. The positive impact; The Africans brought their religion, agriculture and culture to the Caribbean. Chapter 1 In the 16th century, tobacco cultivation was the chief crop in the Caribbean dominating the European market. Tobacco prices were declining in the Caribbean, as a result of competition from Virginia tobacco. By 1627, Virginia was able to ship nearly 00 000 lbs of tobacco to Europe in one year while in 1628 St Kitts and Barbados were only 100 000 lbs. Virginia had the advantage of size and quality. The demand for West Indians tobacco fell, and the output was not so rapid. The quality was also inferior, so prices fell and small farmers went out of business. In Europe, there was a rising demand for sugar, coffee and tea, with popularity were increasing and they needed sugar as a sweetener for their drinks. Sugar had to be grown in a tropical or sub-tropical climate and the West Indian islands were favorably situated for its growth. A transatlantic voyage made the West Indies accessible to the European market. Sugar had more demands than tobacco; it required a larger estate and more capital which small planters of the Eastern Caribbean didnt have. The change from tobacco to sugar caused a labour problem. Sugar cultivation and manufacture needed a vast amount of unskilled, manual labour which could not be provided by indigenous Taino but they didnt last long due to the ill treatments from the Europeans. Many Taino were killed for sports. They were hunted by dogs and horses and some Spanish horsemen galloped at the Taino using their swords as lances to ee if they could run their swords through the body and out the other side. They would cut a Taino head off at one stroke and also dropped their babies over cliffs or drown them. Some of the Tainos committed suicide and practice infanticide. By the end of the 16th century, the Taino were a people of the past and thus the shortage of labourers for sugar cultivation. The settlers thought about bringing in indenture servants from Europe. They brought them in large numbers, but these labourers were not able to work under the conditions and many died from diseases, under ourishment or ill treatment. Between 1520 and 1530, the church suggested the use of enslaving African to replace the fast dying Taino. The churches helped develop the racist argument that the Africans were not native subjects of the crown, but were subject of the called barbaric and heathen kings. So the crown saw no moral or ethical reason why Africans shouldnt be imported. African slavery was already used in Spanish society, so this system could very easily be extended to the Caribbean. Africans were cheaper and the money which procured a white mans service for ten ears could buy a Negro for life and Africans were available in huge numbers. West Africa was closer to the Caribbean than Europe and the ocean crossing between the two entities made easy by the trade winds which blew east to west. Africans were already accustomed to slavery in West Africa before the Europeans intervened. Slavery was used for people who had debt, as a punishment for crime, for sacrifice purposes, and in certain forms of marriage, enemies taken as prisoners and sacrificed. Africans were also accustomed to agricultural labour in a tropical climate. Chapter 2 The European stayed at the factories and forts while raiding was done by Africans from forest states like Oyo, Benin, Dahmey and Asante. Boys and men between the ages of sixteen and forty were sought. The women, children and the old people were left behind to do hard work. Those captured were marched to the coast, chained together by ankles and neck. The slaves were carried to quarters called barracoons where they were stripped naked and put into groups. The rejects were either too old or had venereal disease. The healthier ones were branded on the chest with a red ot iron signifying the country which was buying the slave. The worst conditions the Africans faced were the Middle Passage. Mutinies, brutal treatments and suicides were common on slave ships than on other vessels and greater restriction. Roughly a ship of 100 tons could carry 100 slaves however the ratio changed a ship of 90 tons carried 390 slaves. Each slave was allowed five and a half feet in length by sixteen inches in breath. They were branded and chained two by two ,right leg and left leg, right hand and left hand. The stench below deck was intolerable. Buckets of water ere thrown over the slaves as they lay to wash away the excrements. Slaves suffered from infections from lying in dirt. Some died or were thrown overboard. Ships sank or were lost in storms and slaves died. For example the George ship, lost 84 percent of the 594 slaves from the length of voyage and badness of weather. Slaves also rebelled, by commit suicide and taking over ships, killing the crew members and rates among slaves during the middle passage were extremely high. After crossing the Atlantic, the slaves were in terrible conditions, both physically and mentally. They ere hardly in any condition to be sold. Before being offered for sale, they were cleaned up and inspected. Prices were set with the agreement of buyers then sold in the process of scrambling. The slaves were assembled in groups of males and females and at the firing of the gun buyers rushed on board in order to seize all they wanted. This terrified the slaves, causing some slaves to leap overboard in alarm. Slaves who were not sold, either because of diseases or Just refused, were sold at public auction or abandoned to die on the waterfront. On the plantation slaves were given a regular schedule. They worked from 5 am- 8am,9am-12pm, and 1 pm- 6pm. They didnt have much to wear and were beaten with whips for being slow, running away are disobeying the planters. The whites provided hospitals and doctors to check up on a regular basis, but slaves were affected by a range of diseases and infections, which European medicine was largely ineffective. Women healer provided cures using natural remedies which were unknown to the doctors. While working on the plantation, slaves sang song to mock the masters. They were allowed Christmas off and (weekend in Jamaica). They sang, dance and played instruments or performed akes. Planter regarded their music as noisy and inferior. Years passed and the treatments of slaves were worst. Slaves rebelled to defeat the slave system by using various kinds of passive resistance: Slow working and malingering Pretending ignorance Deliberate carelessness Pretended to be ill Damaging and destroying the owners property, burning the mills and ripe cane. Maiming and killing of livestock. There were a lot of slave revolts. This affected nearly all the islands and mainland territories. The revolts threaten the whole white community and also many slaves died or were punished. There was a spread of slave revolts throughout the Caribbean some examples are as follow: In Barbados, in 1816, sixty estate buildings were destroyed and canfields set on fire. However, slaves had to pay the consequences of their actions, and one hundred slaves were killed by soldiers while forty-four were executed. In the Jamaica revolt in 1831, slaves destroyed property. Fifteen whites were killed however the troops arrived and some slaves surrendered, four hundred slaves were killed, one hundred were executed and another one hundred were flogged. In the 1823 revolt in Demerara, 30 000 slaves were involved, o violence was offered to any of the whites but rebels were hunted down by armed troops with much bloodshed. Over 100 slaves were killed or executed. Many were flogged or sentenced to hard labour in chains for life. The revolt failed, because the authorities had superior arms and forces. Slaves had no military training and could not use firearm even if available. Chapter 3 African slavery has impacted the Caribbean Islands negatively. The Caribbean was affected socially and economically. slavery. Whites were free and blacks were slaves. Blacks were discriminated against and were treated inhumanly. After slavery, there was still discrimination among blacks example the Morant Bay rebellion where blacks wages were being cut and they starved and suffered from diseases. People were classed by their colour skin, whites on top, to blacks at the bottom. Overall the social consequences of emigration on a scale were negative. Countries were deprived of their most progressive and ambitious people. Emigration also created an imbalance between the sexes. More men than women left behind, and it had a marked effect on the lives of children. By 1960, there were about 250 000 children in Britain. The care of children by grandparents, which had long been a feature of West Indian life increasing accordingly. Slave revolts cause an economic crisis to the Caribbean Islands. Slaves destroyed factories and plantation and it was expensive for the planters to replace the equipments and fix the damages. These also caused a decline in sugar production in the islands and a fall in export. After slave revolts it encourage anti- slavery groups e. g. Quakers, Clapham Sect, who defended slave and their rights as humans. The anti slave groups in British were made up of Christian and they focus n the religious aspect of why slavery was wrong in the eyes of God and the rights of man. This further led Emancipation of slaves, now that slaves where free they were not prepared to go back to the plantation. Those who went back on the plantation were willing to work but had to be paid wages, because of lack of labour there were little production and poor quality of sugar and the price of sugar fell ,wages were cut and the sugar plantation was in an economic crisis. This cause many islands to change from sugar to other alternative crop to survive from their crisis. African slavery has impacted the Caribbean region positively, Africans and Europeans brought their culture, religion and agriculture. Some cultures of the culture left behind are: Burying of the navel string, when a child was born the placenta and navel strings were carefully disposed of. The mother had to guard it carefully and after three days to a year from the time of birth, must bury it in the ground and plant a young tree over the spot, which hence forth become the property of the child and is called is navel string tree. The African slaves brought their own music from West Africa. The drum rhythms were retained in the memories of slaves, although there was little opportunity to perform them and there were few proper instruments. Evening and Sundays were the chief occasions for the slaves to recall their tribal musical traditions. The beats and rhythms of Africa proved more able to survive slavery than language and other tribal customs. Caribbean rhythms rely heavily on percussion instruments which are part of their African tradition examples are: Drums, Xylophones, Claves, Clappers, Rattles, Scrapes, Thumb pianos. However Europeans instruments such as guitar, larinet and saxophone. Of all the musical forms in the Caribbean, the calypso best illustrates the blending of African and European traditions. estivals of the British West Indian fell into one of the three categories. These were the carnivals that took place in the period leading up to lent, the sport or Jonkonnu celebrations which took place around Christmas, and religious festivals that were introduced by Indian Indentured workers. Some slave learned enough broken English to be able to communicate with whites but retained to their original language. Some languages were Kweyol, which epresents a fusion of African and French. It is spoken in -the French Antilles (Haiti, Martinique, Guadeloupe, St. Lucia, Dominica, and French Guiana in South America). In the English colonies, a fusion of African and English led to patios. In the Dutch Antilles, the fusion of African and Dutch is called Papliemento. There are many types of religion found in the Caribbean after slavery. The Europeans brought their religions, the Catholic, Anglican, Methodist and more. While the African brought their religion from Africa, the Shango found in Trinidad, Kumina and Pocomania found in Jamaica, Orisha, Spiritual Baptists and Obeah. The slaves continued their tradition of tilling their own provision grounds and some the crops were used as alternative crop for sugar. They cultivated ackee, okra, blackeye peas, yam, millet and sorghum, which were grown in West African as well as edoes, coffee, cacao, plantains, spice, rice, bananas and potatoes. In the Caribbean many alternative crops are still present in the island sugar in Barbados, banana in St. Vincent and the grenadines, and spice in Grenade. African slaves ladies normally wrap the head with cloths wore long skirts or long ress, African enslaved and freed women used their fashion and style of dress as a symbol of resistance to slavery and accommodation to white culture in pre- and post- emancipation society. This study has shown the reader that African slavery were better labour force to the sugar cultivation because they were cheaper ,they were already accustomed to the tropical climate permanent and in large amount and could be transported cheaply across the Atlantic. The conditions of the slaves were deplorable on the middle passage they were treated inhumanly in the middle passage and on the plantation. It also sought to show whites discriminated against the blacks, fed them little, over work them, separated them from their families and ill treated them. The system of slavery changed the Caribbean region entirely. Slavery affected us negatively and positively. In the system of slavery many people loss their life fighting for freedom and equality, due to slavery people are standing up for their rights. Today slavery brought to the Caribbean different type of people, religions, culture, and agriculture. Slavery changed the Caribbean economically and socially.

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